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Wire Drawing Dies are one of the most important technical issues in the drawing process. The proper choice of drawing dies and lubricants is very effective in the final quality product. We will focus on types of wire drawing dies.
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PET sheet (polyethylene terephthalate) is a common thermoplastic that provides high dimensional stability, excellent mechanical strength and good resistance to creep. It offers resistance to chemicals, provides very low moisture absorption and is a good electrical insulator. PET film sheet also performs well in wear applications and has a tough, hard surface that can be easily machined and polished.
Polyethylene terephthalate or PET belongs to the family of polyesters. It is widely used in everyday items and easily recyclable. It has a semi-crystalline form when stable. Most common application include rigid and flexible packaging as it is very light weight.
PET is among those plastics which are an important part of your everyday life. You find the polymer used in packaging, fabrics, films to molded parts for automotive, electronics and many more. For all the applications demanding lightweight and impact-resistant material, PET is of your choice. Also do not forget, PET is one of the most recycled thermoplastics as well.
Applications
PET sheet like transparent PET sheet and matt rigid plastic PET sheet are commonly manufactured into bearings, pump parts, components for frames, tank lids, insulators, friction strips and control discs. Primarily used in mechanical engineering, marine engineering, electrical and food and pharmaceutical applications. PET sheet is also manufactured into any kinds of packaging, commonly into food packaging, such as clamshell, egg tray, salad packaging, etc.
What is PETG?
Polyethylene terephthalate glycol, commonly known as PETG or PET-G, is a thermoplastic polyester that provides significant chemical resistance, durability, and excellent formability for manufacturing. PETG can be easily vacuumed and pressure-formed as well as heat-bent thanks to its low forming temperatures. This makes it exceptionally popular for consumer and commercial applications that involve 3D printing, or other heat-forming manufacturing techniques. Additionally, PETG is well-suited for fabrication techniques like die cutting, routing, and bending.
The Benefits of PETG Plastic
PETG is strong and cost-effective when compared to either acrylic or polycarbonate. Its unique characteristics make it preferable for impact-resistant glazing and high strength display units. Suitable for digital printing, PETG lends itself to product materials, displays, and signage. In general, PETG is a food-safe plastic that's commonly used for food containers and bottles for liquid beverages. Like acrylic and many other thermoplastics, PETG is fully recyclable.
PETG is both thermoformable and vacuum-formable, and can tolerate a tremendous amount of pressure without cracking. Although PETG is naturally clear, it takes color easily during processing. It can be injection molded into a variety of shapes, or extruded into sheets.
PETG's damage resistance is far higher than that of acrylic, to the point that it rivals the impact resistance of polycarbonate. However, PETG fabricates easily, making it an easy material for both practitioners and professional fabricators. Therefore it can be made into many products like PETG film roll, transparent rigid PETG sheet, matt rigid plastic PETG sheet, etc.
What's the Difference between PET and PETG?
Although these compounds look similar, they are fundamentally different materials on a molecular level. PET is the result of two monomers combining. PETG may involve these same monomers, but also includes glycol, giving it different chemical properties than PET. PETG is less brittle and more pliable than its PET counterpart, making it ideal for bottles. It also has better shock resistance and is better suited to higher temperatures.
Apart from these two materials, PVC is also a widely used plastic and it can be made into PVC Film Sheets, Pharmaceutical PVC Film, PVC Sheet, Transparent PVC Sheet and so on.
The wire drawing process reduces the size of a ferrous or non-ferrous rod down to a variety of finished sizes including super fine wire. This process is accomplished by passing the wire or wires through a series of single or multi-wire drawing machines. The drawing dies used in these machines can be Tungsten carbide, Natural Diamond or Synthetic Diamond, and the type of die utilized is choosen by the type of material being drawn. These tools are constantly under the high temperature condition because of wear between wire and dies (Fig D4).
Based on wire material, the classification of dies are (FIG C4) Cemented carbide including Tungsten carbide (WC), Diamond single crystal natural (SCN) including single crystal synthetic(SCS) and polycrystalline(PCD), Ceramic including titanium carbide(TIC), titanium nitride(TIN) and cubic boron nitride(CBN).
Tungsten Carbide Dies
It is a hard cemented carbide composite made from tungsten carbide powder and a suitable binder material. Such as cobalt. The most common tungsten carbide nibs are made from medium grain size tungsten carbide powder with 6-13% cobalt binder.
The most advantages of tungsten carbide nibs are toughness and resistance to fracture, which depend on the tungsten powder grain size and amount of cobalt used .higher cobalt binder content results in more ductile die material with lower hardness and wear resistance . these dies are used to draw larger diameter wires with heavy reduction at slower speed without much loss in die life.
SCN Dies
since it is a single crystal. It can be polish to very smooth finish with very low friction.Hardness and coefficient of friction of single crystal natural diamond dies vary with crystallographic orientation and results in increased die wear along certain crystallographic directions. Toughness is very poor for natural diamond as the diamond crystal has naturally weak points called cleavage planes where fracture occur easily .single crystal diamonds produce the ultimate surface finish and are used for final dies where a bright clean surface is required.
Pcd blanks are currently produced in self-supported or tungsten carbide supported blanks that are more often used in ferrous wire drawing applications. Self-supported blanks are generally offered in two grain sizes ( ≤1-5 micron) and two grades ( thermally stable catalyst metal removed-TS , and metal filled ,contains catalyst metal-MF). Tungsten carbide supported blanks have a core integrally bonded to a tungsten carbide supported ring. these blanks are generally offered in fourteen sizes and four grain size( 3-5-25-50n microns).
The wire drawing process may also need other tools except from drawing die, such as cutting tool like CNC cutting tool, milling cutter like CNC milling cutter and some CNC machined parts including stainless steel parts and nylon parts.
